Vaginal Discharge- What is normal and what is not

Vaginal discharge serves an important housekeeping function in the female reproductive system. Vaginal discharge keeps the vagina moist and acidic which helps in preventing infections.

Most of the time, vaginal discharge is perfectly normal. The amount can vary, as can odour and colour (which can range from clear to white-ish mucoid), depending on the time in your menstrual cycle. However, if the colour, smell, or consistency seems quite different than usual, especially if you also have vaginal itching or burning, you could be dealing with an infection or other condition.

What causes abnormal discharge?

Any change in the vagina's balance of normal bacteria can affect the smell, colour, or discharge texture. These are a few of the things that can upset that balance:

1) Antibiotic or steroid use
2) Bacterial vaginosis, a bacterial infection more common in pregnant women or women who have multiple sexual partners
3) Birth control pills
4) Cervical cancer
5) Chlamydia or gonorrhoea (STDs), sexually transmitted infections
6) Diabetes
7) Douches, scented soaps or lotions, bubble bath
8) Pelvic infection after surgery
9) Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
10)Trichomoniasis, a parasitic infection typically contracted and caused by having unprotected sex
11) Vaginal atrophy, the thinning and drying out of the vaginal walls during menopause
12) Vaginitis, irritation in or around the vagina
13) Yeast infections

To Know More
Dr. Sarika Gupta Consultant Gynecologic Oncology and Robotic Gynecology at Apollo Indraprastha Hospital,
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What women need to know about pain in the pelvis

Pelvic pain is a symptom that affects many women and can be caused by a wide variety of conditions and diseases, from endometriosis or fibroids to more serious conditions, like an ectopic pregnancy or cancer. Women typically describe it as a dull ache or pressure that may or may not include sharp pains located anywhere in the abdomen below the navel. The pain may be intermittent or constant and can be accompanied by other symptoms, such as abnormal vaginal bleeding, lower back pain, and vaginal discharge.

Treatment

There are numerous therapies for pelvic pain, and the precise treatment needed depends on the underlying cause.while surgery is needed to treat emergent causes like ectopic pregnancy, ovarian torsion, or appendicitis. Surgery is also often the first-line therapy for gynecologic cancer, like uterine or cervical cancer, and is used to treat severe cases of endometriosis and fibroids.

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